《正纬》与谶纬——《文心雕龙·正纬》篇辨正

A Study of "A Critique of the Divination Studies" in Wenxin Diaolong

刘勰的《文心雕龙·正纬》篇是针对谶纬而作的。刘勰以“宗经”思想为指导,按经验纬,指出了谶纬的虚伪诡异、乖道谬典。然而,刘勰对谶纬的认识还是不全面、不科学的,其对谶纬的批判带有很大的局限性。虽然刘勰是以“宗经”而“正纬”,但是刘勰“正纬”的真正目的在于“为文”上。因此,《正纬》篇在指出谶纬的“无益经典”的同时,又从“事丰”和“辞富”两个方面,充分肯定了谶纬的“有助文章”,提出了“酌乎纬”,这正是《正纬》篇作为《文心雕龙》“文之枢纽”之一的意义所在。

'A Critique of the Divination Studies' in Wenxin Diaolong (or Mind of Literature and Carving Dragons ) by Liu Xie is directed at the popular divination studies of that time. Following Confucian Classics, he pointed out the absurdity and strangeness of the divination studies. Whatever limitations are there in Liu Xie's study, the ultimate concern of his critique of the divination studies lies in the rhetoric. So, when regarded as being useless for Confucian Classics, the divination studies is, on the other hand, accepted, in 'A Critique of the Divination Studies' , as a rich source for writing. It is here that the value of ' A Critique of the Divination Studies' in Wenxin Diaolong can be found.