对外开放中的外资流向──论利用外资与地区发展

The Flow of Foreign Funds in China's Opening to the Outside World

本文从规模经济的角度对外资在中国的流向作了研究。本文认为，在规模报酬递增的情况下，资本会流向市场容量大、运输成本低的地方。在我国，市场规模、运输等基础设施以及人才培养等条件都是东部优于西部，因此，外资大量流向东部地区也就不奇怪了。当然，中央政府的地区倾斜政策对推动外资流向东部是起作用的，但不起决定性作用。即使我们一开始就全面开放，没有地区倾斜，外资也不会大量流向中西部地区。因此，中央政府现在对中西部的政策应当是加强对中西部基础设施的投资，同时大力推动全国统一大市场的形成。并在此基础上实行产业倾斜政策，鼓励中西部发展具有相对优势的资源性产业。

This essay, from the angle of economics of scale,studies the flow of foreign funds in China' It is held that,with increasing returns to scale,capital wi1l flow to where there is a large market capacity and a low cost in transport' In China,superior infrastructure in terms of market scale, transport, etc. and better personnel training are to be found in the east rather than in the west.Therefore,it is only natural that foreign funds should flow towards the east.The preferential policies made by the central government play a part too,but it is not a decisive part in making foreign funds fiow towards the east. Even if China opened herself without any r' nal differences in the first place,foreign funds would not flow towards the mid-west either.The government's current policy,it is believed,should be to invest heavily in the infrastructure, and to help bring about an integrated macro-market throughout China' On the basis of this,a preferential policy should be carried out in order to develop resource industry which is in a relatively dominant position in the mid-west.