论远程教育信息化和开放教育的“两制”

On the Informationization of Distance Education and the "Two Systems" of Open Learning

一、“两大命题”具体化的提出 经过对“异化”的反思,面对成人教育的激烈竞争环境和教育信息化的压力,广播电视大学提出自身改革的两大纲领性命题:开放性和教学现代化（以下简称“两大命题”）,在远距离教育本质规律和教育发展大趋势这两条轨迹上找到了一个交点,为自己定了位。

Under the main tendency of education towards information and open learning, broadcast and TV universities put forward two guidance topics for self reform; opening and modernization of teaching. Openness of learning and modernization of teaching, however, will become a common principle for all educational reform. Under this background, finding out special laws of opening and modernization of TV universities is a vital matter to the survival and development of TV universities. For that reason, the author expresses in detail the two topics of self reform of TV universities as the information trend of distance education and running system and management system for open learning.The information trend and opening of education are two themes of the development of modern education. In-campus education is speeding up the process of informationization. In the State actions and strategic programmes of the government in a bid to rejuvenate China with science and education, the group of conventional universities constitutes the principal part in the implementation of the third generation media construction for distance education and has established Line, Medium-range network, CER-Net, Library and Information Network within and between institutions of higher education to provide CAI resources for distance teaching. These networks will compose the main technical part of future open and distance education, and have already become a virtual college of the substance of conventional universities. By comparison, TV universities have neither networks nor CAI software for distance education, let alone database for distance teaching: having no strength to act as main force. The opening-up of education has gone beyond types of school and boundaries of states and already become a common topic of the whole society, so the main body for its implementation will be the society, governments, enterprises, and international federations and isn' t restricted to certain education mode or insitution.Facing challenge, TV universities must keep abreast of the latest development of education imforma-tionization, strengthen the construction of information infrastructure and resources of distance education to avoid waste of resources and various drawbacks in information construction; for example, strengthening the construction of distance education courseware conforming to adult s cognitive law, producing more offline products (video tapes, teaching software package, and laser disks with the contents of teaching package, credit courses and review guidance courses and other support information) putting stress on the interaction of teaching software, improving the open service function in the intension of remote teaching products, by these actions to provide technical support for asynchronous two-way individualized distance teaching. The 'two systems' of open learning should actively suit remote information technology so as to make the modernization of distance teaching highly agreed with the opening-up. TV universities must adopt the running system and management system of open learning well matched with hi-tech, incline towards the noumenon of network mode with discarding the school noumenon favorably. In the meantime, TV universities should put more input into the virtual intension development, further open up information resources of distance and open learning, and emphasize teacher's training for the change of their roles.