河南临颍小商桥调查报告

Reconnaissance of the Xiaoshang Bridge at Linying, Henan

小商桥位于河南省临颍县皇帝庙乡商桥村,南北跨小商河之上。小商河原名小溵河,宋代初年为避宋太祖之父赵宏殷之讳而改名,桥亦随之更名。商河原为颍河一段河道,后因颍河改道,致使老河道淤塞干涸,雨季时积水为塘,唯小商桥仍雄跨于古老河道上。该桥北去县城13、南距漯河12公里,东临107国道,西靠京广铁路,正当临颍、郾城两县交界处(图一)。历史上为南北交通要冲。南宋绍兴年间,名将岳飞率部在此地曾大战金兵。

The bridge crosses the Xiaoshang River at Shangqiao Village,Huangdimiao Township, Linying,Henan province. Historically,the bridge bore witness to a fierce battle between the Southern Song troop led by Yue Fei and the Nurchen Jin invaders,and the death of the general Yang Zaixing during the fight. Since the 1980s,it is believed among some bridge experts that the bridge is a Sui dynasty survival even older than the famous Anji Bridge at Zhaozhou.From 1983 on,our institute has repeatedly sent experts to the bridge for survey and excavation of its base and the riverbed. Judging by the techniques involved in its construction , sculpture on its body, relics unearthed from underground and related literature , the bridge was first built in the Song-Jin period,and later underwent some minor renovations on its pavement and details of both sides,but the main parts such as the arch and supports have changed little since. A bridge as such is interesting historically, scientifically and artistically.