论中东伊斯兰国家的政教关系

ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN POLITICS AND RELIGION IN THE MIDDLE EAST ISLAMIC COUNTRIES

论中东伊斯兰国家的政教关系曲洪过去的１０余年间，伴随着伊斯兰复兴运动的兴起，伊斯兰原教旨主义成为中东地区颇有影响的意识形态，与民族主义、泛伊斯兰主义、伊斯兰现代主义、世俗主义等社会思潮此消彼长、交相呼应。宗教与政治互相渗透，时而互相补充，时而互相排拒...

Abstract From the end of World War Two to 1960s, the basic pattern of the relationship between politics and religion in the Middle East Islamic countries was such that the religion was subordinate to the politics, and to the state's domestic and foreign policies, therefore the religion was in no position to decide or change the political orientation of any country. The establishment of this kind of relationship was brought about by the following major factors: One, the decisive impact of the time and the trend of social development; Two, the sharp decline of the traditional Islamic political thought; Three, the subordinate status of the religion as against the state power being confirmed by law. Since 1970s, under the shock of the international Islamic rejuvenation drive, new situation has emerged with regard to the relationship between politics and religion in those countries, demonstrating three most outstanding features: the sudden rise of Islamic political opposition; the distinct heightening of the influence of the traditional Islamic political thought; and the states vying with each other for reinforcing their political Iegitimacy through Islamism.