中国古墨与现代墨元素成分研究

A study on the elemental compositions of ancient and modern Chinese inks

对中国古墨（汉墨、明墨与清墨）与不同产地的现代墨元素成分作了对比分析。用离子背散射测定墨中常量元素C、N、O的含量，用质子激发X荧光法测定微量元素K、Ca、Ti、Cu、Fe等10种元素的含量。实验结果表明，古墨中微量元素K、Ca的含量比现代徽墨、沪墨高10倍以上，而现代徽墨与沪墨中元素N和An的含量也有明显的差别。

This paper report the results of study on the elemental Compositions of ancient and modern Chinese inks. The ancient Chinese inks samples were made in Han dynasty, Ming dynasty and Ching dynasty. The modern Chinese inks samples were made in Shanghai and Anhui province.The main element composition of C.N and O are determined by Rutherford Backscattering (RBS) and the trace element concentration of K.Ca.Zn.Pb.Au.Ti 'Fe are measured by proton induced X - ray emission (PIXE). Experiment results show that the trace element concentrations of K.Ca for ancient inks are as high as 1O times that for modern inks. The concentrations of N and Au for modern Chinese inks produced in Shanghai are apparently different from that of produced in An-hui province. These results are useful to the dating of Chinese painting.