信贷配给的产生及其对经济的双重影响

Allotment of Credit and Its Dual Influence on Economy

本文认为，信贷配给与银行商业化是相伴而生的，是银行追求利润最大化的产物，它对经济体制改革和经济发展的影响是双重的：一方面信贷配给强化了紧缩政策的效应，另一方面信贷配给可能影响了投资的社会效益；信贷配给有利于银行减少不良贷款，提高银行资产质量，同时又使银行经营陷入两难境地；信贷配给有利于企业转机建制，提高经营效益，促进资产流动，同时又不利于企业摆脱困境，也不利于风险产业的发展。

Allotment of credit,accompanying commercialization of banks,is the product of pursuing the largest profit,and is believed to have dual influence over economic reform and economic development.It reinforces the effect of the reform on the one hand,and affects the social benefit of investment on the other.While allotment of credit helps the bank induce unprofitable loans,and thus improves the quality of the capital,it throws operation of the bank into a dilemma at the same time.While allotment of credit lends itself to reform of the enterprises for beneficial economic improvement and circulation of the capital,it does not help the enterprises to get out of their difficulties or promote development of risk industries.