玉德·玉符·汉玉风格

On "Virtue","Sign" and Style of the Jade of the Han Dynasty

中华民族使用玉器的历史十分悠久。在原始社会人们使用石器作为主要生产工具的过程中,有的地区也就地取材,制作并使用了玉器。我们的祖先至晚在新石器时代早期就利用真玉琢磨成装饰品或生产工具。目前发现的时代最早的玉质装饰品,出土在我国辽宁西部到内蒙古东部地区,距今已有七八千年之久。从原始社会到汉代,在玉器发展史上出现过四个高峰。

The development of jade art from primitive times to the Han dynasty include four periods. The first coincides with late Neolithic and is represented by jade articles of the Hongshan and Liangzhu cultures. The second, in the age of slavery, is represented by articles of the Yin-Shang culture. The third is a treansitional period from slavery to feudalism, and is represented by the Warring State jades. The last,or the early feudal era is represented by the Western Han articles. The Han dynasty is a link between the old and new in the development of jade art, and the exploration of various aspects of jades of the period,such as artistic style, the way in which people of the day viewed them,etc., will assist in understanding ancient Chinese jade art. The author discusses on the Han dynasty concepts of jade 'virtue' (texture) and 'sign' (color) as well as the most representative forms of jade of the period.