江苏苏州浒墅关真山大墓的发掘

Excavation of a Large Tomb at Zhenshan, Hushuguan, Suzhou, Jiangsu

1992年11月,苏州博物馆考古部发掘了浒墅关真山大墓(D9M1)。该墓棺椁均已腐朽,出土文物12573件,主要为玉石器、陶瓷器和天然海贝。玉器中有属葬玉的玉覆面,由虎形玉饰等8件玉饰组成。另有大量串饰、牌形玉片饰等,尤其是1万多粒油菜籽大小的玉珠,每粒均有钻孔。D9M1曾被盗掘,根据出土玉石器、陶瓷器的形制、纹饰,其年代应属春秋中晚期。此墓规模宏大,作者认为是吴王墓。洛阳联合考古发掘队1990年清理了元赛因赤答忽墓,此墓出土陶器多为黑陶仿古礼器,其中鸳鸯熏炉、象尊、驹尊等器造型古朴,制作精致。出土墓志志文内容涉及元末一些重要历史人物以及与之相关的历史事件,有一定证史、补史价值。

In November of 1992, scholars of Department of Archaeology of Suzhou Museum, during their reconnaissance of the Zhenshan Locality 1. 5 km northwest of Hushuguan, discovered 57 mounds (Coded D1—D57). Of these mounds, D9M1 which surmounts the main peak of the Zhenshan mountain, is the largest.The tomb is cut downward out of the mountain rock and superimposed upon its mouth with an earthen mound, which was made by building some walls first, and then filling rammed earth between every two of them. Wall are also built on the mountain slope to prevent earth from falling downhill.All the coffins have rotted away. A total of 12573 funeral objects are yielded, including chiefly jade, pottery, porcellain and shell. Mention should be made of a jade mask consisted of eight parts, one of them in the shape of a tiger. There are also large amounts of jade strings and plagues. Amazing is the fact that each of more than 10300 jade beads of aseed-size has perforation. There are also seven lidded primitive porcelain cups arranged in the plan resembling a plum.D9M1 has been disturbed by tomb robbers. Judging by the shape and decoration of those jade and pottery objects, its date should be the middle and late Spring and Autumn period, and was most probably owned by a king of the Wu state, according to its location and size.