关于“爱国主义”问题的再思考

Further Consideration of the Issue of "Patriotism

该文主要讨论两个问题：１．怎样评估近代中国的“爱国主义”？是进行反帝反封建的民主革命，推翻清王朝；还是寄希望于清廷自行改革宗法专制制度？这种称之为现代爱国主义，作者认为在晚清是实现不了的。２．怎样评估近代中国岭南文化的“定位”？作者不同意说鸦片战争后不准外国人入广州城，是体现了岭南当时主流文化的封闭性。这是广州人对不平等条约的抗拒，与反对学习西方先进文化不能混为一谈。

Abstract The present essay deals with two problems:1.How to evaluate the 'patriotism'in modern China? Dces it mean to out a democratic,anti-imperialist and anti-feudalist revolution to overthrow the Qing Dynasty,or to rely on the reform of the patriarchal autocratic system by the imperial cotirt itself? The author holds that the second type of patriotism,namely the so-called modern patriotism,was impossible to realize in the late Qing period.2.How to evaluate the'determined nature' of Lingnan(South China)cultu-re in modern China? The author does not agree to the point that the prohibition of the foreigners'entry into Guangzhou city after the Opium War indicates the self-isolation of the main trend of Lingnan culture at that time.As a matter of fact,it was the Cantoneses'resistance against the unequal treaties,which should not be confused with the rejection to learn the advanced culture of the Western world.