德国（德语区）企业经济学研究的传统和发展

The Tradition and Development of Business Economics in German-speaking Countries

德语区在企业经济学（相当于英美的工商管理）研究和教学制度上有着较早的传统，从本世纪初到大约７０年代之前，形成了企业经济理论的规范体系，它注重企业过程和要素投入与收益的分析，而区别于英美的管理学传统。另一方面的发展是对管理科学的贡献，德语区在组织管理理论、行为科学、决策论方面都有开拓性的研究。７０年代之后的发展则是与英美传统的工商管理相结合而成为管理科学。本文分析德语区企业经济学研究的传统和发展，以使我国读者更全面地了解西方企业经济管理理论。

Abstract German-speaking countries have a long tradition in both research and education of business economics,and a normal paradigm took shape and prevailed between the beginning of this century and the 1970’s,which is quite different from that of business administration in Anglo-American countries.Besides,German-speaking countries also contributed significantly to scientific management,especially in the fields of organization,behavior,and decision-making.In 1970’s,the development of business management in German-speaking and Anglo-American countries began to merge.Th