关于敦煌写本斋文的几个问题

Several Issues Concerning the Prayer Manuscript in Dunhuang

唐五代宋初，在敦煌佛教徒举行的各种斋会上宣读的斋文，文体结构可分为五个部分：一、颂扬伟的功德法力，称“号头”；二、说明斋会事由，赞叹被追福、祈福者或斋主、施主的美德，称“叹德”；三、叙述设斋的缘由与目的，称“斋意”；四、描绘斋会的盛况，称“道场”；五、表达对佛的种种祈求，称“庄严”。斋文的合集，称“诸杂斋文”。愿文只是其中的一种，不能作为“诸杂斋文”的通称。“诸杂斋文”还包括一些在佛事活动中宣读的类似文书，其中有的文体结构与斋文不同。

At the fast meetings held by Buddihists of Dunhuang of the Tang, Wudai, and the early period of Song Dynasties, prayers read out 'Zhai Wen'. Zhai Wen was composed of five sections. The first section praised benefactions and power of Buddha, and was called 'Hao Ton'' The second section gave account to the fast meeting, praising virtue of the prayers and alms giver, and was called 'Tande'. The third section narrated reasons and purposes of holding a fast meeting, it was called 'Zhai Yi'. The fourth section decribed the grand occasion of the fast meeting and was called 'Zhuang Yan'. The fifth section expressed earnest wishes to Buddha and was called 'Zhuang Yan'. A collection of prayers were called 'Zhu Za Zhai wen'.'Yuan Wen' was a sort of the collections, it's name can't be taken as the collection name of 'Zhu Za Zhai Wen' which contained certain similar documents, the formation and style of some documents are different from prayers.