在痛苦中寻求超越──谈陶渊明的思想矛盾及解脱方式

Seeking Detachment from Reality in Pain──Tao Yuanming's ideological contradiction and the way to release himself

陶渊明生活在纷繁变化的时代，身处逆境，思想矛盾极多，有仕与隐、躬耕理想与生计艰难、守道与入俗等诸种矛盾。他寻求超越和解脱：归隐躬耕，在自然中寻求和保持心理平衡；借酒排忧，思索、总结宇宙人生之道；寄情琴书，赋诗娱情言志。最终，他实现了精神的自我超越，进入达观忘我的境界。

Tao Yuanming lived in a time of turmoil' He was in adverse circumstances and had a lot of ideological contradictions including contradictions between pursuing an official career and living in seclusim, defending a school of thought and drifting with the current. He sought detachment from reality and releasing himself. He returned home and farmed in order to seek and keep psychological equilibrium in the natural world. He drowned his worries in liquor while thinking deeply and trying to find the true meaning of life. He gave expression to his feelings in playing Chinese zither (guqin) and reading, composed verses to amuse himself and poured out his ambition in the poetry. At last he could raise himself above all worldly desires and entered a selflessness state with cheerful mood.