文学的接受与审美乌托邦

Literary Reception and the Utopia of Aesthetics

在文学活动中,接受者的主体性是文学主体性研究的重要方面.随着探讨的深入、国外接受美学和读者理论的传播,人们对文学接受者的主体性问题越来越重视了. 文学是一种艺术,它是由语言来缔造的一个真实的虚构世界.文学又是一种多层次的结构,它一般存在着审美的多层次性.文学作品的审美潜能,从根本上来说,是由作品本身包含着"多种价值"(multivalence)造成的.而"多种价值"又来源于生活所赋于作品的多种语义层. 但是,文学作品的审美潜能又受接受主体的制约.依照接受美学的观点。

The present paper expounds the Marxist concept of literary reception. It neitheragrees with the view of objectivism which relies only on the text itself in demonstra-ting the subjectivity of the literary receptor, nor agrees with the view of subjectivismwhich explicates the subjectivity of the literary recptor solely on the basis of humansenses. The author repudiates the idealist theory of aesthetics advocated by Liu Zaifu in exaggerating the subjectivity of literary reception. The paper further points outthat Liu's concept of literary reception is based on his political and idealogical theoryof alienation, which in turn is a copy of the Western Marxist view on the Utopia ofaesthetics.