中国收入分配平等程度的实证分析

Degree of Inequality of Income Distribution in China: A Positive Analysis

收入分配是经济学最重要的研究课题之一,也许可以这样说,其涉及的范围之广泛及复杂程度远远超过消费理论和生产理论.分配方式会因为经济制度的不同而有所不同,社会、文化结构的差异也会使收入分配具有不同的内容、意义以及表现方式.尽管如此。

This thesis establishes an index system which includes Gini Coefficient, Range ofIncome and Oshima Index for evaluating the degree of inequality of income distribu-tion. With the aid of the revised Nafziger's Equation, it measures the degree ofinequality of income distribution at a corresponding level of economic developmentin China, and then calculates, with the aid of Kakwani interpolation, the LorenzCurve and Gini Coefficient of China's distribution of income in currency in both therural and urban areas and in the whole country from 1983 to 1988, and finally drawsthe following conclusions: 1. As compared with countries at the same level ofdevelopment, income distribution in China's rural areas is relatively equal, althoughthe degree of inequality became higher from 1983 to 1988; 2. The distribution ofincome both in the rural and urban areas is essentially characterized by equality; 3.The degree of inequality in rural areas is much higher than in urban areas; 4. Thedegree of inequality of income distribution has been low in China, but it is gettinghigher from 1983 to 1988; 5. After 1978, institutional factors became less effective in the field of income distribution. In other words, China's Gini Coefficient becamegreater as far as the economic system is concerned; 6. Economic growth tends to favorthose who draw a high income; those with a low income hare to face greaterinequality.