农村经济体制改革中社会保障体制的转换

The Transition of Social Security System in the Reform of Rural Economy

我国农村的经济体制改革是以推行家庭联产承包责任制为契机发动的,这种经营方式的变革为广大农民创造并提供了无限的机会,但也给他们带来了前所未有的风险.卷入商品经济洪流中的农民面临的主要风险,已不完全是危及农业生产的自然灾害.农村工业化、市场化引起的风险也对农民生产、生活的稳定造成新的威胁.在另一方面,经济体制改革对农村社会中根深蒂固的传统生活方式和价值观念也产生了极为深刻的影响,农民生活水平的提高和社会地位及身份的变化促进了保障观念的转变,使农民对社会保障产生了更高层次的需求.

Since the reform of China's economic system, great changes have taken place in peasants's security need. Due to the industrialization and commercialization of the rural areas, peasants face risks not only of natural disasters and health care, but also of bankrupcy, unemployment, and industrial accidents. In addition, the policy of po- pulation control further complicates the old age problem in the countryside In this sense, there is an urgent need for peasants's social security. At present, however, the disintegration of people's communes has drastically weakened the system of social se- curity in rural regions. This article analyzes the gaps of social security during the present transitional period and their grave consequencies. It stresses the necessity of re-establishing the social security system in the countryside.