女子跳马腱子后手翻技术的运动学分析

A Kinematic Analysis of Round-off and Back-Handspring in Women Horse Vault

作者在第七届世界杯体操赛上以100格/秒的频率扫描拍摄了女子跳马腱子后手翻动作全过程,取到了包括世界冠亚军在内的9人次有效样本,着重分析了世界冠军舒舒诺娃的先进技术。不仅阐明了各主要环节的技术特征,而且论证了腱子立肩推地技术的优越性和第一腾空中合适的躯干制动反弹技术的积极作用;同时发现了推马时过度屈臂是使人体重心垂直速度出现“凹陷现象”的原因。这些正是中国运动员落后于世界冠军的关键技术所在。

Serial Movements of 'round-off and back-handspring' performed by 9 elite women gymnasts includingthe world champion and the runner-up in horse vault at the 7th World Cup were photographed with a 100frames/sec. camera. After analysis of the advanced technique performed by Chouchounova, the worldchampion, the author has not only described the technical features, but testified the superiority of 'standshoulder of push-off on the land' in round-off and the active role of 'stretch and bent trunk rapidly' duringthe first flight as well. The author has found at the same time that the reason of the 'hollow phenomenon'in the vertical speed curve of body centre of gravity is there was 'over-bending of arms' when pushing thehorse, These are the key skills that lead to the gap between Chinese gymnasts and world champions.