独立以来非洲国家的经济政策思想与实践

AERICAN ECONOMIC POLICIES SINCE INDEPENDENCE: THOUGHTS AND PRACTICE

非洲大多数国家于本世纪五、六十年代获得独立。在今天已独立的51个非洲国家中,50年代独立的有6个国家,60年代独立的有33个国家。30年过去了。

Since independence, African countries have taken a tortuous and uneven road in economic development. Apart from being iuflueuced by the changes in the internationai economic environment, the twists aud turns in the course of their economic development are also the result of their economic policies, which reflect their economic thoughts of the time and their influences. The African economic policies have mainly reflected the economic thoug- hts of Socialism, Structuralism and Neo-Classicalism. All the three economic thoughts and other ideological trends that have influenced the African econ- omic policies have originated outside Africa. Judging by the practice of the economic development of the African countries for the past three decades, no fundemental solution of the development problem has been found, either thr- ough iutroducing the model of import-substitution iudustrialization based on the theory of modernization and Structuralism, or by the exercise of the eco- nomic liberalism based on Neo-Classicalist thoughts. Thus it remains a major and difficult task for African countries to adopt practical strategies and poli- cics for economic development truly in accordance of their various concrete conditions.