论欧洲货币联盟

On the European Monetary Union

建设欧洲货币联盟的第一回合始于70年代初期的维尔纳报告,由于世界经济形势的剧烈变化而未成功,只建立起汇率联合浮动制度。第二回合为1979年诞生的欧洲货币体系。1989年4月的德洛尔报告是第三回合的开始,提出了分三个阶段实现经济与货币联盟的规划。在概括介绍了三个阶段的内容后,作者分析了内部大市场与货币联盟的关系,指出共同市场向经济与货币联盟的延伸是必然趋势,但在共同市场尚未完成的情况下,德洛尔报告中设想的第一阶段只是作为完善和促进共同市场的先决条件,欧共体目前尚未跨入建设经济与货币联盟的阶段。由于英国的抵制及萄葡牙、希腊的经济落后状况,第一阶段的完成日期尚难预测。货币联盟的建设必须以政治联合为条件,而在国家民族主义思想仍占主导地位的情况下,货币一体化的进程必然会受到影响。成员国间经济发展不平衡问题也会给经济与货币联盟的建设带来困难。

Werner Report in the early1970s initiated the first round of building up the European Monetary Union,which failed to gain any progress except the establishment of the joint floatingsystem because of the drastic change in the world economic situation.Thesecond round of the efforts was the founding of the European monetary systemin 1979.Delors Report of April 1989,marking the beginning of the thirdround,proposed a three-phase plan to realise the economic and monetaryunion.After a brief introduction of the content of three phases,the authoranalyses the relations between the internal market and monetary union andpoints out that the development from the Common Market into the economicand monetary union is an unavoidable tendency.But under the circumstancesof an incomplete Common Market,the first phase in Delors Report is but theprerequisite of perfecting and pormoting the market since the EconomicCommmunity hasn't now entered the stage of establishing the economic andmonetary union.It is hard to predict when the first phase can be accomplishedbecause of Britian's rejection,the backward economy of Greece and Portugal,etc.The dominant role of nationalism in the EC nations is bound to affectthe process of the monetary integration as the political integration is thepreconditions of establishing the monetary union.The imbalance of theeconomic development of the EC member states will also bring about diffi-culties to the economic and monetary union.