西德社民党和基民党的社会结构比较

A Comparative Study on the Social Fundations of West Germany's Social Democratic Party and the Christian Democratic Party

研究西欧政党,除了要了解该政党的政策、思想、领袖人物及党员成份等,还应注意了解该党所拥有的选民,即它的社会基础。本文对西德两大主要政党的社会结构做了分析,认为从传统上看,社民党具有工人基础,而基民党是带有宗教色彩的、代表社会中上层利益的政党。两党都自称为是人民党,但其社会基础结构有着明显的差异。作者认为,战后以来,原有的传统色彩在两党社会结构中有所弱化,呈现出多元化的发展,对这两党大政党的社会结构的比较研究,不仅可以有助于进一步了解西德的社会和政治,也有助于了解当今西欧社会中民主社会主义和基督教民主主义的发展趋势。

To study a politicalparty,people should pay attention to the degree of popularity it enjoysduring the time of elections,and its policy,doctrine,leaders and thebackground of its members.The Social Democratic Party has a deep root inthe workers while the Chirstian Democratic Party enjoys massive supportfrom the middle and upper class in the society and is more religious thanthe SDP in its policies.Both parties claim they represent the people'sinterests,but there is a marked difference in their structural basis in thesociety.According to studies,the old traditional features of both parties'social structure has been fading out to a certain extent,showing signsof development toward a puralism struction,A comprehensive comparasionon the parties,social structure helps people fully understand the WestGermany society and its plitical system,Also,it explains the developing trend of the comtemporary West Europe,especially that of the SocialDemocratism and the Christian Democratism.