青藏高原异质栖息地棕颈雪雀和白腰雪雀的分布研究

Distribution of rofus necked snow finch (Montifringilla ruficollis) and white rumped snow finch (Pyrgilauda taczanowskii) in relation to habitat types and yak grazing on the Tibetan plateau

大型有蹄类动物的放牧和小型哺乳动物的挖掘行为,会改变它们栖息地的植物群落,从而影响物种分布和种群大小。高原鼠兔的分布与高山雪雀之间存在正相关性,牦牛的放牧与高山雪雀的分布间则存在未知的关系。在拉萨墨竹工卡县日多镇念村,研究者采用了最新的野生动物监测和研究方法(占据模型中的多物种多季节模型)来探索这一问题。研究目的集中在观察牦牛放牧和土地利用与高山雪雀分布的关系。结果发现,白腰雪雀对高原鼠兔洞穴的平均利用率为82%;棕颈雪雀和白腰雪雀对高原鼠兔洞穴的占据率随着离牦牛夜宿地距离变远而显著减少。在研究地点,白腰雪雀对牦牛夜宿地的利用率高,而棕颈雪雀无法确定。

Large ungulate grazing impacts the vegetation through trampling and their excretion and small mammals affect the vegetation through their burrowing. Although there was a positive correlation between the distribution of plateau pikas and snow finches, little known the distribution about yak and snow finches. For collecting data on the distribution of snow finches, the multi-season occupancy models were used in Nhian Valley of Medro Konggar County. Findings showed the occupancy rate of white rumped snow finch and rofus necked snow finch at various distances to yak-bedding areas significantly decreased with increasing distances to yak-bedding areas,and the vicinity of yak-bedding areas were disproportionally occupied by the white rumped snow finches. The burrows of plateau pikas were highly depended upon by white rumped snow finches 82%(21%-98%).