仰韶文化陶鼓辨析

On the Pottery Drum of the Yangshao Culture

河南地处黄河中游,是我国古代文明的重要发祥地之一。建国以来,在这一地区开展了大规模的考古调查与发掘工作。取得了一系列成果。例如:1977年在新郑发现了裴李岗文化,1986年在舞阳贾湖发现了8000年前的契刻符号和骨笛。1987年在濮阳西水坡出土6000多年前蚌塑龙虎。

With a big mouth and a conoidal base, and with knobs of eagle-beak-like on the mouth and one or two holes in the belly, this pottery vessel is a specific type in the Yangshao Culture. It usually acted as a burial urn for children. It is generally believed that the eagle-beak-like knobs were used to brace the lids of the burial urns and the holes of the belly were for the sake of the children's souls getting in and out. It is incompre-hensible, however, that the reason why the practical vessels such as Ding (cooking vessel) and Dou (stemmed bowl) were used to be lids of the urns rather than to make special lids. On the other hand, there were six pottery drums were uncovered at Taosi Site, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province in 1978. They are similar to the above-mentioned vessel of the Yangshao Culture in many ways. Their knobs of the mouth were used to brace the drumheads and the holes in the abdomens were for the purpose of resounding voice. In this way, the author supposes that the vessel with big mouth and conoidal base of the Yangshao Culture may has been a drum.