高栏下栏支撑水平力量和速度的研究

THE STUDY ON THE HORIZENTAL FORCE AND VELOCITY OF LANDING PERIOD IN 110M HURDLE

本研究采用高精度三维测力台(kistler9281B)与高速摄影机(A—16)同步,对不同水平高栏运动员下栏支撑水平力量和速度进行了测试。研究表明:①A组和B组运动员不同的下栏支撑水平力曲线特征以及水平缓冲和蹬伸冲量比值使其下栏支撑水平速度分别呈上升和下降趋势。②减小水平缓冲冲量的关键是缩短缓冲时间,以期缩短整个下栏支撑时间;增大水平蹬伸冲量在于加大水平蹬伸力量。③下栏着地瞬间身体重心与支撑点的水平距离,着地支撑角度大小以及身体躯干角度等技术指标直接影响下栏着地支撑效果。

The measurement was taken on the different ranks of high hurdle athletes by means of a high-precision force platform (KISTLER--9281B) and a high-speed camera (A-16) The study showed: (1) The group A and B's different horizental curve and the ratio of horizen tal yield and thrust impulse during landing support made their horizental velocity of landing support increase and decrease, respectively. (2)The key to lessen the horizental yield impulse was to shorten the yield time to shorten the total support time. And the main way to increase the horizental thrust impulse was to improve the thrust force. (3) The technical quota, such as the horizental distance between the centre of gravity and the support point, the tcuch-down angle, the trunk angle and so on at the instant of touch down had direct and consistent influence onthe effect of landing support.