论毛泽东农村包围城市战略的地理基础

On Mao Zedong's Geographic Strategic Concept of Encircling The Cities From The Countryside

中国革命是中国共产党及其领导下的人民和军队,在中国这块辽阔广袤的地理舞台上,演出的一幕打倒国内外反动派,解放和建立新中国为目标的胜利活剧。毛泽东明确指出:“中国革命斗争的胜利,要靠中国同志了解中国的国情”。又说:“认清中国的国情,乃是认清一切革命问题的基本根据”。为此。

The veteran proletarian military strategists with Mao Zedong as theirrepresentative, combined Marxist theory with the practice of the revolution in China in analyzing the specific geographic environment in 1930s in China, and designed the strategy of encircling the cities from the countryside in the Chinese revoolutioa. Judging from the viewpoints of political and military geography, the authors hold that the strategy of encircling the cities from the countryside is a geographical strategic concept of Mao Zedong. Judging from political geography, the counterrevolutionary forces of the ruling class in China were unevenly disposed. They were mainly disposed in the big cities, while in the countryside, they were relatiyely weak; thus it was possible for the revolutionary forces to survive and develop in the brcad countryside. Judging from economic geography, there was an obvious gap between the cities and the countryside in the development of economy Although being in a leading position, the cities were unable to control the countryside completely. The self-sustaining economy dominated the economy in the countryside which could sustain without conpletely relying on the cities. This provided the material basis for the Communists and the people's army to survive and develop in the countryside Judging from military geography there was a grerat gap in the disposition of the reactionary forces in China. There were heavy forces in the cities and less forces in the countryside, wbile the mountainous areas were actually 'vacuums', thus providing good conditions for the revoultionary army to survive and develop in the broad countryside and the mountainous areas, in which the enemy forces were weak Juoging from natural geography, China covers a wide (to p. 23) (from P.6) territory, and the terrain and weather vary sharply. 'thus providing favourable operational conditions for the people's army with inferior equipment to conquer the reactionary army with superior equipment. In conclusion, Mao Zedong's geographic strategic concept on encircling the cities from the countryside is of profound geographic basis.