说明模型和医学中的说明

Explanations of the Explanatory Model in Medicine

本文讨论医学中说明的某些特点,并考察现有说明模型应用于医学时的适宜性。我的这篇论文主要是破坏性的,而不是建设性的。Ⅰ.医学中的多层次说明在科学哲学界,似乎大家都同意,说明是对“为什么”问题的回答。在医学中,有各种各样的“为什么”问题,要求给出各种各样的回答,因此说明也是各种各样的。在临床医学中,所有事件开始于某一特定病人所困扰的某一医疗问题。某些不适使病人感到什么地方出了问题,并在他(她)头脑中出现了一个“为什么”问题;“

In this article the author investigates multi-level explanations in medicine and some of their characteristics. He then lays emphasis on the suitability of applying the explanatory model in medicine. Using an analysis based on three aspects i. e., the explanatory models of logicalism, probabilism and pragmatism, the author points ont the difficulties that the available explanatory models have encountered. Finally, he discusses the net of cause and effect in medicine.