摘要
目的 了解长沙市芙蓉区居民出行情况.方法 采用多阶段随机抽样,对长沙市芙蓉区3 354名18岁及以上居民进行入户调查.采用x2检验和Fisher精确检验比较组间的构成比分布差异,采用秩转换的非参数检验比较组间出行时间和出行距离的差异.结果 被调查者的最常见出行选择为步行、乘公交车、自己开车、骑电动车,其所占比重分别为60.1％、17.9％、10.4％和6.5％.被调查者的日出行时间集中在15～30分钟,占总人群的43.4％.被调查者的日出行距离集中在1～2公里,占总人群的45.2％.不同性别、年龄段、文化程度、职业的出行方式、出行时间、出行距离差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).当采用被调查人数作为分母计算伤害发生率时,骑电动车的发生率最高,其次为步行和骑自行车;当采用出行暴露人数或出行距离作为分母计算发生率时,发生率由高到低排序均为骑电动车、骑自行车、步行.结论 长沙市芙蓉区18岁及以上居民的主要出行方式为步行,性别、年龄、文化程度、职业等因素影响居民出行方式、时间和距离.采用出行人数和距离所得的伤害发生率排序明显不同于基于调查总人数所得的伤害发生率排序.
Objective To obtain a statistical data set about the trip of adult residents in Furong District. Methods Household interviews were conducted for 3，306 residents( ≥18 years old) selected using the multi-staged randomsampling method in Furong District. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were performed to compare the frequency distribution of trip mode among different populations．Nonparametric test was used to compare the frequency distribution of traveling time and distance among different populations．Results Walking，taking bus，driving privatecar and riding motorcycle were the most commonly modes of travel ，by accounting for 60.1％；17.9％，10.4％and 6.5％，respectively．Daily traveltime and distance in the respective dominant ranges of 15～30minutes and 1～2 kilometers accounted for 43.4％and 45.2％of all subjects interviewed．Sex，age，education and occupation were found to be associated to the travel mode ，travel time and travel distance( P<0.05). Motorcyclists ，pedestrians and bicyclists held the first three places of injury incidence when the number of subjects Was used as the denominator. However ，motorcyclists，bicyclists and pedestrians took the highest incidence of injury when the number of expos ed people and traveling distance were used as the denominators．Conclusions Walking is the most common travel mode of adult residents in Furong District. Sex，age，education and occupation are associated with travel mode，time and distance．Exposure-based traffic injury rates obviously differ from those based on all-population method．
出处
《伤害医学（电子版）》
2012年第4期21-25,共5页
Injury Medicine(Electronic Edition)
