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预注小剂量氯胺酮预防芬太尼引起咳嗽的临床研究

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摘要 目的:观察和评价预注氯胺酮、利多卡因、地塞米松或稀释和慢注芬太尼预防芬太尼引起咳嗽的效果。方法全组200例拟行全麻患者ASAⅠ~Ⅱ级,年龄20~50岁,随机分为Ⅰ~Ⅴ组,Ⅰ组:静脉注射利多卡因1mg/kg(生理盐水稀释至10ml);Ⅱ组:静注地塞米松10mg(生理盐水稀释至10ml);Ⅲ组:芬太尼应用生理盐水稀释成20μg/ml,≥30s内匀速注完(3μg/kg);Ⅳ组:静注氯胺酮0.25mg/kg(生理盐水稀释至10ml);Ⅴ组:静注10ml生理盐水(对照),Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组分别在10s内静脉匀速注入,1min后分别静注芬太尼3μg/kg(生理盐水稀释至10ml,≤3s内快速注完规定剂量),记录预注Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ前(T0)、预注后1 min(T1)、稀释和慢注芬太尼1min(T2)、2min(T3)内出现的咳嗽反应和心血管变化。结果五组咳嗽发生率分别在30.0%、40.0%、7.5%、2.5%、55.0%,第Ⅴ组明显高于其他四组P<0.05或P<0.01),组间比较第Ⅳ组有意义。Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅴ组在T3时SBP明显降低,HR明显减慢(P<0.05或P<0.01);Ⅳ组在T1时SBP明显升高,HR明显增快(P<0.05),组间比较有意义。结论静注利多卡因1mg/kg或氯胺酮0.25mg/kg或稀释和慢注芬太尼均能预防和抑制芬太尼引起的咳嗽反射,但氯胺酮的效果更好一些。
出处 《兵团医学》 2009年第4期7-9,共3页 Journal of BingTuan Medicine
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参考文献7

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