马兰地区三个民族妇女宫颈癌知识普及状况调查

Knowledge popularization status on cancer in cervix in Han,Hui and Uygur Chinese females in Malan area

目的了解马兰地区汉族、维吾尔族、回族妇女对宫颈癌知识的认知情况以及对常规预防体检的态度。方法采用横断面调查方法,对南疆牧区三个民族妇女进行宫颈癌知识认知情况的流行病学问卷调查,并了解这三个民族妇女是否进行常规体检。结果问卷调查共1005例,其中汉族355例,维吾尔族328例,回族322例;对宫颈癌的知晓率分别为汉族70.4%、维吾尔族55.2%、回族47.2%;知道人类乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染与宫颈癌有关这一知识的人很少,分别为汉族20.6%、维吾尔族5.2%、回族11.5%;HPV的知晓率与年龄和教育程度有关。知道宫颈涂片意义者分别为汉族11.3%、维吾尔族2.7%、回族3.4%,绝大多数调查对象不知道宫颈涂片的意义;曾行宫颈涂片者(包括1年前及其以上)汉族占96.6%,维吾尔族占44.5%,回族占66.8%,多数妇女是在医师的建议下被动行涂片检查。结论南疆牧区三个民族妇女对HPV的知晓率较低,且不同民族知晓率存在非常显著性差异,对定期行宫颈涂片持被动态度,其中宫颈癌发病率相对高的维吾尔族妇女对宫颈癌及其相关知识的认知更是匮乏,大部分维吾尔族妇女一生中未做过涂片。因此,在马兰地区开展健康教育,提高人群的认识水平是成功预防宫颈癌的关键。

Objective To examine the cognition of cancer in uterine cervix and attitude to its conventional prevention examination in Han,Hui and Uygur Chinese women in Malan.Methods The data on the cognition of uterine cervix cancer were collected through epidemiology questionnaire in the 3 national females in this area,to understand whether or not run routine health examination by a cross sectional study.Results About 1005 females accepted the investigation of questionnaire,including 355 Han,328 Uygur and 322 Muslim people.The knowing rate of the cancer in cervix was 70.4% in Han,55.2% in Uygur and 47.2% in Muslim females.And it was seldomly understood that association of cancer in cervix with HPV infection(20.6%,5.2% and 11.5% in Han,Uygur and Muslim females,respectively).The knowing ratio of HPV was associated with age and education;the percentage of knowing cervical smear accounted for 11.3% in Han,2.7% in Uygur and 3.4% in Muslim females;the most people did not know the implication of the cervical smear for women.The women did cervical smear within one oyear or more based on doctor's suggestion,accounting for 96.6% in Han,44.5% in Uygur and 66.8%,in Muslim people.Conclusion It is poorly knowing that HPV is associated with cancer in cervix in Malan females,and the knowing rate is different in different nation.Routine cervical smear is passively accepted.Uygur women have the highest incidence of cancer in cervix,but they had short of information about the prevention of cervical cancer,even some Uygur women have not done Pap smear for a life.Therefore,it is a key issue to popularize the konwledge of cancer in cervix amoung those people for its prevention.