孕早期经宫颈采集脱落滋养细胞的研究

The Study of Methods for Fetus Trophoblastic Cell to Obtain through the Cervix in the First Trimester

目的探讨孕早期经宫颈获取滋养细胞的适宜方法和适当孕周。方法选取要求终止妊娠的60名早孕妇女,采用宫颈管棉拭子法、宫颈内口黏液吸引法、细胞刷法经宫颈采集脱落细胞,并选取20名未孕的妇女,行宫腔灌洗采集的脱落细胞标本作为对照组。用HE染色及细胞角蛋白-7(CK-7)免疫细胞化学染色检测滋养细胞。结果 HE染色法和免疫细胞化学染色法均显示细胞刷法采集到滋养细胞的阳性率及细胞数明显高于另两种方法,差异有统计学意义。结论细胞刷法经宫颈取材是一种较好的微创取材方法。

Objective To explore the path through the comparison of several methods for obtaining fetus trophoblastic cells through the cervix in the first trimester. Method Sixty pregnant women who want to request termination of pregnancy were recruited to the study.After informed these pregnant women,transcervical cell samples were collected from women whose fetuses were between 6 and 10 weeks’gestation. These women were divided into three groups on random, 20 cases in one group: Group A used cervical canal cotton swab, Group B used endocervical mucus aspiration and Group C used cytobrush sampling of the endocervix. As the control group,the cells were collected from 20 non-pregnant women by uterine lavage. These samples were stained by HE and immunocytochemistry, then were observed under the microscope to watch the presence of trophoblast cells and to count the cells. We used monoclonal antibodies cytokeratin -7 (CK-7) which is a specific maker on the trophoblast cells to count the positive expression cells under the microscope. Results The method of brush get the largest quantity number of positive cells by HE stained and Immunocytochemical stained. The amout positive cells of the cytobrush group compared with the other group were statistically significant. Conclusions It is feasible to obtain the trophoblastic cells through the cervix in the first-trimester pregnancy.