Applied anatomy of the path of retroperitoneoscopic surgery

Objective To discover the anatomical basis of retroperitoneoscopic surgery. Methods Twenty Chinese adult cadavers including 12 men and 8 women were anatomized. The relationship between nerves, vessels of the lateral abdominal wall, retroperitoneal structures and the path of retroperitoneoscopic surgery were measured. Results In male cadavers, the distance between the iliac crest and trigonum lumbale was 4.02±1.26 cm on the left, and 3.83 ± 0.90 cm on the right. The distance between the iliac crest and iliohypogastricus nerve was 0.82 ± 0.13 cm on the left and 0.84±0.08 cm on the right. The distance between the subcostal nerve and Ⅻ rib in the posterior axillary line and midaxillary line was 0.79 ±0.26 cm,1.65± 1.12 cm on the left and 0.78 ± 0.30 cm, 1.59 ± 1.07 cm on the right respectively. The distance between the ureter of inferior pole of kidney and extra-border of psoas was 2.24 ± 0.67 cm on the left and 2.19 ± 0.73 cm on the right. The distance between crossing of the ureter and iliac

Objective To discover the anatomical basis of retroperitoneoscopic surgery. Methods Twenty Chinese adult cadavers including 12 men and 8 women were anatomized. The relationship between nerves, vessels of the lateral abdominal wall, retroperitoneal structures and the path of retroperitoneoscopic surgery were measured. Results In male cadavers, the distance between the iliac crest and trigonum lumbale was 4.02±1.26 cm on the left, and 3.83 ± 0.90 cm on the right. The distance between the iliac crest and iliohypogastricus nerve was 0.82 ± 0.13 cm on the left and 0.84±0.08 cm on the right. The distance between the subcostal nerve and Ⅻ rib in the posterior axillary line and midaxillary line was 0.79 ±0.26 cm,1.65± 1.12 cm on the left and 0.78 ± 0.30 cm, 1.59 ± 1.07 cm on the right respectively. The distance between the ureter of inferior pole of kidney and extra-border of psoas was 2.24 ± 0.67 cm on the left and 2.19 ± 0.73 cm on the right. The distance between crossing of the ureter and iliac vessels and extra-border of psoas was 3.91±0.59 cm on the left and 3.76 ± 0.53 cm on the right. In female cadavers, the distance between the iliac crest and trigonum lumbale was 3.90 ± 0.37 cm on the left and 3.87 ± 0.37 cm on the right. The distance between the iliac crest and iliohypogastricus nerve was0.94±0.06 cm on the left and 0.93±0.10 cm on the right. The distance between the subcostal nerve and Ⅻ rib in the posterior axillary line and midaxillary line was 0.61 ± 0.14 on and 1.37 ±0.89 cm on the left and 0.64±0.13 cm,1.32±0.95 cm on the right respectively. The distance between the ureter of inferior pole of kidney and extra-border psoas was 2.00 ±0.23 cm on the left and 1.91±0.13 cm on the right. The distance between crossing of the ureter and iliac vessels and extra-border of psoas was 3.43 ±0.31 cm on the left and 3.85 ±0.43 cm on the right. Conclusion The top of the trigonum lumbale which is 2 cm above the iliac crest selected as the first point and 2 cm inferior to the Ⅻ rib in the posterior axillary line selected as the second point is the anatomical basis for retroperitoneoscopic surgery. It can reduce the opportunity to injury nerves, vessels and retroperitoneal structures while making retroperitoneoscopic surgery easy. 12 June 2003 Vol12 No2 refs,4 figs,1 tab.