构建教与学的科学基础(英文)

Constructing a scientific groundwork for learning and teaching

心智、脑与教育以及教育神经科学的主要目标是联结生物科学、认知科学、发展科学与教育学,为教育奠定坚实的研究基础。教育神经科学的发展受到许多错误观念的影响,这些错误的观念来自大众对脑科学与遗传学的误解。因此,科学家与教育者携手合作,将研究与实践结合起来,研究学校及其他教育场所的有效学习与教学是非常重要的。科学研究与教育实践的结合能够为教育提供有效的工具。教育研究的一个核心要素是分析儿童能力的生物学基础,使教育者和家长都能够有效地促进个体儿童的学习与发展。认知科学作为其中一个分支,将对人类文化中的不同心理模型进行分析。学习科学和人类发展科学将为分析学习路径,包括共同的研究范式与学习的个体差异,提供研究工具。教育神经科学的主要研究目标是通过:(1)研究者与实践者合作进行研究的研究型学校;(2)建立儿童学习与发展的数据库;(3)由整合科学研究、教育实践与教育政策的教育工程师和转化研究者共同组成的新型专业队伍,为教育奠定科学的基础。

Mind, brain, and education as well as educational neuroscience have as their primary goals connecting biology , cognitive science , developmental science , and education in order to ground education in systematic research. Work in educational neuroscience has been plagued by many myths and distortions based on popular misconceptions about brain and genetics. It is important to integrate research with practice by joining scientists with educators to promote the study of effective learning and teaching in schools and other educational settings. Together scientific research and practice can provide powerful tools to improve education. An essential component of education should be analyzing the biological bases of abilities so that educators and parents can effectively facilitate the learning and development of individual students. As a partner in this endeavor, cognitive science provides analyses of the mental models/metaphors that ground the making of meaning across human cultures. Learning science and human development provide tools to analyze learning pathways, including both shared patterns and learning differences. The primary need is to ground education in research by creating (a) research schools where science and practice join together to shape educational research, (b) shared data bases about development and learning, and ( c) a new profession made up of educational engineers or translators who connect research, practice, and policy.