小儿脑瘫危险因素与合并症相关分析

The high risk factors related and complications of children with Cerebral palsy

目的:分析小儿脑瘫危险因素与合并症以及与脑瘫分型构成比。方法:回顾性调查2001年1月至2007年12月期间的602例脑瘫患儿临床资料,了解脑瘫高危因素与合并症的关系以及与脑瘫分型构成比与合并症的发生率,用卡方检验统计分析。结果表明:602例脑瘫患儿中有522例存在高危因素占86.71%(522/602),主要危险因素依次为窒息、早产低出生体重、其他因素、黄疸、宫内感染、多胎/双胎、颅内出血和脐带异常;有551例患儿伴有合并症占91.53%(551/602)、合并智力低下434例(72.09%)、语言障碍262例(43.52%)、癫痫134例(22.26%)、听力障碍133例(22.09%)、视神经萎缩155例(25.75%)、摄食困难352例(58.47%)、流涎457例(75.91%)。不同脑瘫分型之间有显著性差异(P<0.05),其中以痉挛型、手足徐动型与混合型脑瘫并发症发生率最高(P<0.01);结论:脑瘫危险因素与合并症存在高度相关性,脑瘫是一种脑损伤引起的多重复合征,严重影响脑瘫患儿的心身发育,在治疗过程中注重整体康复,以利提高生命质量。

Objective Investigate the high risk factors related and the complications of children with cerebral palsy(CP),and the constituent ratio of types of cerebral palsies.Methods Retrospective study 602 cases of affected children's clinical data from January 2001 to December 2007,using the statistical method of chi-square criterion,the relationships of the high risk factors and the complications resulting in children cerebral palsies were investigated,and the relationships of the incidence rate of types of CP constituent ratio and the complications were studied as well.Results There existed risk factors of 522 in 602 cases(86.71%).The major risk factors by turns were asphyxiation,preterm low weight,other un-definite factors,choloplania,intrauterine infection,superfoetation/twins,intracranial hemorrhage and the abnormal umbilical core.The rate of the CP children accompanied with complications was 91.35%(551/602),the incidence rate with mental retardation was 72.09%(434 cases), with language disturbance 43.52%(262 cases),with epilepsy 22.26%(134 cases),with hearing disturbance 22.09%(133 cases),with ingestion difficulty 58.47%(352 cases),with optic atrophy 25.75%(155 cases),with hydrostomia 75.91%(457 cases),and there were statistical differences among Different types of CP(P<0.05),the three highest incidence rates were spasmus,athetosis and mixed types of CP by turns.And there was significant difference in statistics(P<0.01).Conclusions The CP was a kind of sophisticated disorder resulted in the lesion of brain,the affected presented a series of developmental disturbance.During the treatment,we should be pay attention to the entirely rehabilitation for affected children.