7—11岁汉族、傣族、景颇族儿童概念形成的比较研究

A COMPARATIVE RESEARCH ON THE CONCEPT FORMATION OF CHILDREN FROM DIFFERENT AREAS AND ETHNIC GROUPS AGED 7-11

本实验是对7—11岁昆明汉族、瑞丽汉族、傣族和景颇族共190名儿童所作的概念形成的比较研究。实验结果指出:1.儿童概念形成随年龄增长而不断提高。表现在两个方面:(一)所形成的概念水平提高;(二)概念形成中被试所采取的假设—检验策略水平的提高。2.文化环境对儿童概念形成的影响是明显的。在不同性质的五个项目实验中,所有年龄阶段,昆明儿童成绩均高于瑞丽三种民族儿童,差异在某些项目的某些年龄阶段是显著或者非常显著,在瑞丽地区由于三种民族环境条件也有差异,在五个实验项目中,数列和词义关系两项实验出现了显著性的差异。文章分析了产生差异的原因:(一)学校教育;(二)家庭教育;(三)社会意识等方面。

This paper is a comparative study of the concept formation of 290children from different areas and ethnic groups aged 7-11. They com-prised of a group of Han children from Kunming and another group of Han,Dai and Jingpo children from Ruili. Experiments on the cultural influenceover children's concept formation showed that in all the five researchitems, all the children in the Kunming group had a higher score than thoseof the Ruili group. Among the three nationalities in Ruili, such differe-nces were not so significant. This paper discusses the major reasons forthe differences from three perspectives: school education, family education,and social background.