中国哲学:“合法性”、思维态势与类型——兼论中西哲学类型

Globalization, Postmodenuty and the Cultural Plurality of Philosophy. A Brief Discussion of the Difficult Position and Chances Faced with Chinese Philosophy

对中国哲学“合法性”的追问,是一个关于哲学到底是什么,以及中国哲学到底是什么的“元问题”。哲学作为对形而上学或者说本体的追问,由于思维态势的不同,可以区分为“对本体”与“自本体”两大类型。这两大类型决定了中西哲学各有其不同的基本特征,即西方哲学的思考方式是主客“二分”的,中国哲学的思考方式是“天人合一”取向的;西方哲学借助于形式逻辑的三段论论证,中国哲学则强调“人同此心,心同此理”的主体间性;西方哲学运用定义精确的概念语言,中国哲学则采取含义丰富的“意像语言”。未来中国哲学学术范式的创新,应当充分考虑到中国哲学的特质,并在融会中西不同哲学范式的基础上才有可能。

The question of 'legality' of Chinese philosophy is that of what is philosophy and what is Chinese philosophy. In the processes of seeking after metaphysics or ontology, there have been two different ways of thinking of philosophy: that of 'to - ontology' and 'in - ontology', which determines there are different characteristics between the Western and Chinese philosophy, that is, the Western philosophy is 'two-divided' between subject and object and Chinese philosophy is 'oneness of Heaven and man', the Western philosophy adopts the formal logic and Chinese philosophical logic is determined by inter - subjectivity , and the Western philosophy uses the conceptual language and Chinese philosophy adopts the image - language. The features of Chinese philosophy must be underlined and the different paradigms of Western and Chinese philosophy must be synthesized before the re - building of paradigm of Chinese philosophy can be possible.