关于海滦河平原的缺水和引水问题

THE WATER-DEFICIENCY AND WATER-TRANSFER IN THE HAI-LUAN RIVER PLAIN

海滦河平原属半干旱半湿润季风气侯区。平原上的水来自当地的降水和上游山区的径流。特点是:降水量少,分布不均,年内、年际变化大;径流开发条件复杂,难以充分利用。海滦河平原平均降水量579mm,6—9月占78％。按平原面积14×10~4km^2,耕地1.3亿亩和二年三熟的作物覆盖率计,各种降水年型耕地上得到的降水总量和降水可供水量见表1。海滦河流域平均年径流量291.8×10~8m^3,其中来自上游山区212.9×10~8m^3。

Through the regional integrated survey and system atic analysis of the relations between water need and water supply, some conclusions are drawn. (1) Water-deficient problem is a historical certainty due to the development of industry and agriculture. (2) Water need for agriculture is influenced by regional uneven distribution of monsoon climate and annual variation. (3) The proposed diversion of water from, the Huanghe (Yellow) River and the Chang-jiang (Yangtze) River can mitigats, to a certain extent, the contradiction between water need and water supply of the Hai-luan plain. (4) It seems desirable to encourage the low water consumption in industry and agriculture, and to control strictly the consumption of water in some departments.