汉族民歌旋律结构中的装饰性特点

Ornamental Features of Han People's Folksongs

“装饰”从字面上看,有装璜、修饰的含义。美术家认为“装饰”是一种美的追求,在造型艺术中叫做“装饰美”——形式美的一种。它作为一个专用词更多地出现在工艺美术中,尤其是民间美术如:年画、窗花、剪纸、门(竹盏)、蓝印花布,甚至各种陶瓷制品,无不具有各式各样的花边、图案纹饰等,这就是它们的装饰部分。它与民歌中的各种装饰音。

Exploring the ornamental features of folk-songs is an important aspect of thestudy of structural patterns of folk melodies. This essay is meant to make a tenta-tive probe into the ornamental features of the Han people's folk-songs. I Ornamentation and Folk Melodies Ornametation is a prevalent phenomenon of the Han people's folk-songs. It notonly polishes the meiody, but also is of great importance to thief structure. Ⅱ The Simpie Form of Ornamentation and the Basic Structure of folk-song The simple form of ornamentation is very clear in the melodic structure of theHan people's mountain airs, Huagu tunes and ballads. The process of ornamentationis in itself the process of composing. Ⅲ The Role of the Three Fuctions of Ornamentation in Melodic Structure 1. Decorative function: (a), by way of ornamental figures; (b), in aecordn-ce with the inserted words; (c), as accompaniment; 2. Dynamic function: (a), variegating the basic melodic line; (b), develo-ping the basic melody in a pendulous manner; (c), filling in the melodic skeletonwith additional notes. 3. Extensional fuction. (a), ornamental introductory phrase; (b), consecutiveextensional phrase; (c), cadential closing phrase; In short, ornamentation plays a important part in the linear development andone-way progression of the Han people's folk-song melody. It embodies the internalunity of the diversified melody, and helps the melody of folk-song, within itsstructure, to acquire a perfect form. So, ornamentation, in itself, is the essntislpart of the style of folk-songs as well as the dynamic power which functions ascolorant.