新疆伊犁六个民族的初潮年龄

MENARCHEAL AGE OF SIX NATIONALITIES IN YI LI OF XINJIANG

1983年7月至1984年7月,用回忆法调查了新疆伊犁地区3972名12—23岁的女性的初潮年龄,其中哈萨克族924人,维吾尔族864人,锡伯族486人,回族209人,蒙古族216人,汉族1273人。其平均初潮年龄是:哈萨克族14.37±1.09岁,维吾尔族14.34±1.41岁,蒙古族14.21±1.05岁,回族13.89±1.32岁,锡伯族13.78±1.02岁,汉族13.61±1.11岁。各族中均以七、八、九三个月来月经的最多。此外,还发现六个民族中1969—1972年出生的与1961—1964年出生的相比,平均初潮年龄都明显提前。在八年中,回族提前2.67岁,蒙古族提前1.90岁,锡伯族提前1.78岁,汉族提前1.64岁,哈萨克族提前1.17岁,维吾尔族提前1.13岁。

From July 1983 to July 1984, the menarcheal age of 3972 females (12 to 23 years old) in Yi Li Prefecture, Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, was surveyed by the retrospective me-thod, among them were 924 Kazaks, 864 Uigurs, 486 Sibos, 209 Hui nationality, 216 Mongols and 1273 Hans. The mean ages at menarche and their standard deviation were: 14.37 ± 1.09 years for Kazak, 14.34 ± 1.41 years for Uigurs, 14.21 ± 1.05 years for Mongol, 13.89 ±1.32 years for Hui nationality, 13.78 ± 1.02 years for Sibo and 13.61 ± 1.11 years for Han. Most girls in each nationality have their menarche in July, August and September provided that there was fine weather and good nutrition. Nevertheless, a remarkable tendency of advance of menarcheal age was observed. By comparing the menarcheal age of those born in 1961-1964 with that of 1969 -1972, it was found that the advance of mean menarcheal age during eight years was: 2.67 years for Hui nationality, 1.9 years for Mongol, 1.78 years for Sibo, 1.64 years for Han, 1.17 years for Kazak and 1.13 years for Uigur, respectively.