许家窑人颞骨研究

STUDY OF TEMPORAL BONE OF XUJIAYAO MAN

本文记述1979年在许家窑遗址获得的人类左侧颞骨化石一块。通过与北京猿人、欧洲早期智人和现代人等的比较,表明许家窑人颞骨的某些性状较原始,有些性状则较为进步,但更主要的是许多特征介于直立人与现代人之间。

This paper deals with a fossil human temporal from Xujiayao site in 1979 where previously 17 human fossils were found. It has many characters identical to those of early Homo sapiens or intermediate between Homo erectus and modern man. The features include: the robustness of the supramastoid crest, the postglenoid process, the position and the orientation of the tym-panic plate, the position of the tympanomastoid fissure, the orientation of the pyramid axis, the distance between the styloid process and the posterior wall of the poms, the entire mastoid process deviates slightly medianwards, etc. The temporal bone of Xujiayao possesses some features as seen in modern man such as the form of the squama, the position of the supramastoid crest, the form of tympanic plate, the styloid process, the foramen stylomastoideum and the supramastoid crest ar-ranged in a straight line, the sigmoid sulcus, etc. There are some features close to those of Peking Man such as absence of true arti-cular tubercle, the thickness of the mastoid portion, etc.