广东林业生态省建设与红树林保护

Construction of forestry ecological province and conservation of Mangrove in Guangdong

广东是我国红树林分布最多的省份之一,有红树植物17科31种,红树林湿地面积21 438.3 hm2,主要分布在粤西,其次是珠江三角洲地区。红树林具有防灾减灾、净化环境、调节区域小气候、保护生物多样性等重要生态功能。在广东林业生态省建设中,保护和发展红树林被列为八大林业生态工程之一。本文对红树林的生态功能进行了具体分析;阐述了广东红树林资源分布现状、红树林在广东林业生态省建设中的作用以及保护、发展状况;指出目前红树林还面临围海造田、围海养殖、沿海城市化、废水污染等威胁,红树林保护任务艰巨;并就加强红树林保护提出建议。

Guangdong is one of the provinces with the most mangrove resources in China. There are 31 species, 17 families of mangrove plants and 21 438.3 hm2 of mangrove wetlands which mainly distribute in western Guangdong and Pear River Delta. Mangrove has important ecological functions of preventing or reducing natural disasters, purifying environment, moderating regional climate, conserving biodiversity and so on. Conservation and development of mangrove is one of the eight major forestry projects in the ecological construction of Guangdong Province. In this paper, the ecological functions of mangrove were analyzed; the mangroves importance for the construction of forestry ecological province and its present situation of conservation and development in Guangdong were discussed, and some threatening factors such as utilization of mangrove wetlands for cultivation or aquiculture, expansion of urban areas in coastal region and wastewater pollution were pointed out. In the end, some suggestions for conservation and development of mangrove were put forward.