摘要
本工作是我们过去关于记忆年老化研究的继续。记忆材料为自行设计并与全国若干单位协作编制的“试用临床记忆量表”。受试为健康成人210名.分为7个年龄组,各组性别、文化匹配。每组有20名并作韦氏成人智力量表检查。结果:1.成年至老年记忆变化总的趋势是,50岁组开始有明显减退,70岁后又有更显著的减退。2.在智力匹配条件下记忆年老化趋势相同(20、40、50、60、70岁年龄组)。3.无意义图形再认和有关联想学习年龄差异最小,无关联想学习和人像的姓氏,爱好特点回忆年龄差异最大,表明老年人建立无关的全新的联系困难。据此,作者指出老年记忆障碍可能是编码储存和提取困难相互作用的结果。
This is a follow-up of our earlier study on the aging of memory. The subjects were 210 healthy adults 20—90 years of age, divided into 7 age groups, matched both in sex and educational level. A "Clinical Memory Test" designed by us and standardized by a relevant nationwide cooperation research group was used, and 20 subjects in each group were also tested with the WAIS-RC. The results indicate:1) Generally, memory shows a decreasing tendency with age, beginning from the 50-year-old group on and becoming more marked after seventy. 2) The same decreasing tendency of memory is found in subjects of intelligence-level-matched 20-, 30-, 50-, 60- and 70-year-old groups. 3) Age difference is least apparent in the recognition of meaningless figures and the related-paired-association, and most apparent in the unrelatedpaired-association and the recall of the surnames and hobby characteristies of individuals in their pictures, indicating that the aged have great difficulty in establishing thoroughly new associations. On the basis of the above-mentioned, the authors suggest that memory difficulty of the aged could be the result of difficulty of interaction between encoding, storage and retrieval.
出处
《心理学报》
1985年第2期154-161,共8页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
