4—8岁儿童对部分—整体图形知觉发展的实验研究

STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PART-WHOLE PICTURE PERCEPTION AT THE AGE OF 4-8

本实验使用9张部分和整体各有不同意义的图形研究了98名4—8岁儿童知觉的发展水平和特点。结果表明:1)儿童既知觉部分又知觉整体的能力随年龄而增长,2)儿童知觉部分图形的年龄比知觉整体图形的年龄早,3)8岁儿童大部分可以做到知觉部分又知觉整体;教育条件优越时可以提前到6岁,由此可见儿童部分—整体图形知觉能力的发展水平与教育条件有密切关系。

In the present study, ninety-eight children from 4 to 8 years of age weretested for the development and characteristics of their perception of pictures.The pictures used here were those in which both the parts and the whole hada meaning independently. The results showed: 1) the ability to perceive bothpart and whole increased regularly with age, 2) the parts are perceived at anearlier age than the wholes. These results were similar to that of D. Elkind;R. R. Koegler and E. Go (1964). In addition, we found that part and wholeintegration was present in children by the age of 8(a majority of 83%). Theability to perceive part and whole are closely related to educational conditions,if educational conditions were more advantageous, the children would be ableto perceive both part and whole by the age of 6.