广东佛山河宕新石器时代晚期墓葬人骨

LATE NEOLITHIC HUMAN SKELETONS FROM HEDANG SITE,FOSHAN,GUANGDONG

本文对佛山河宕新石器晚期墓葬中出土的人骨进行了形态观察和测量比较,认为这些古代人在体质上仍有不特别强烈的蒙古人种性质,并显示出一些同赤道人种相似的特证。还指出了该墓群的性别年龄分布,因性别而异的埋葬头向和拔牙风俗。

The materials of human bone studied in this paper were unearthed by the Archaeological Group of the Guangdong Provincial Museum from Late Neolithic He-dang Shell Mound Site in Foshan City, Guangdong Province in 1978. The age of this site, according to C14 dating, is about 4000 years B. P.Only 8 skulls can be studied because of poor preservation of the material.Of 57 skeletons observed 19 males and 27 females can be determined. The age of most deads is about 24-55 years old.Sexual identification of the human bone indicates that burial direction of the deads is different with sex. The heads of males are westward and those of females are eastward.Based on morphological observation, the skulls of Hedang population have features of both Mongoloid and Negro-Australoid than classical Northern Mongoloid.The comparison of the skull and bone measurements shows that the stature of males is higher than that of’females. The former is 166cm., the latter is 154cm. But the size of the female skulls is little bigger than that of the male. Average cranial capacity of the male group and the female is 1427 ml. and 1438 ml. respectively.The custom of extracting upper incisors was found in Hedang population very commonly. The general pattern is that a pair of the upper lateral incisors are extracted. There are also some subpatterns with various combinations of incisors extracted.