中国人眼光谱相对视亮度函数的研究

A SYSTEMATIC STUDY ON THE RELATIVE SPECTRAL LUMINOSITY AMONG CHINESE PEOPLE

问 题 人眼对光谱各波长的灵敏度,是产生一种阈限反应或主观相等亮度所需要的辐射能量的倒数。它们原称光谱视亮度,现在我们称之为光谱相对视亮度。即使是等能光谱,各波长引起的相对视亮度也很不相同。具体测量时除绝对阈限法外,一般常用匹配法:使人眼将不同波长的光谱色光分别和一个固定强度的白色标准光作亮度匹配。

The works on relative luminous efficiencies, or V(λ), had been studiedby many researchers, and proved to be very useful in both theoretical andpractical fields of vision and colour technology. In the years 1924 and 1951,the spectral sensitvity curves for photopic and scotopic visions were esta-blished by the C. I. E. respectively. But in the 18th session of C. I. E.,which was held in 1975, the chairman of the committee of vision, J. A. S. Kinney had raised the question whether there exist misuses of V(λ) or notin its applications. Together with other disagreements concerning V(λ), thisinquiry suggested us to think of the appropriateness of the application ofC. I. E. V(λ) in China, where the people differed ethnologically from theobservers of C. I. E. V(λ). For this reason, we undertook a serial study onthe relative spectral luminosity among Chinese people, the result we obtainedreads as follows: (1) Both photopic and scotopic relative spectral luminosityof Chinese people are rather coincident with or run very close to those ofC. I. E. and especially that with D. B. Judd’s revision. These findings in turnsupport such opinions which suggested that there is likely no significantethnological differnce in this respect. (2) Both photopic and scotopic relati-ve spectral luminous efficiency functions increase with age on the short wa-ve side of the spectrum. (3) Under the conditions of 4 sizes of visual angle,the results show that as the size of visual field increases, V(λ) heightens onthe short wavelength side accordingly. (4) Under the conditions of 4luminosity levels, the V(λ) curves become slender when the luminosity rose.