颌间弹性牵引术在下颌骨骨折治疗中的作用

THE ROLE OF INTERMAXILLAY ELASTIC TRACTION IN TREATING MANDIBULAR FRACTURE

目的 评价颌间弹性牵引术在下颌骨骨折治疗中的作用。方法 16 0例下颌骨骨折患者 ,2 2例行单纯颌间弹性牵引治疗 ,138例行内固定术 (其中 4 6例术后咬牙合关系恢复不良者行颌间弹性牵引治疗 )。结果 2 2例单纯行颌间弹性牵引术者 ,19例咬牙合关系恢复理想。行内固定术的 138例患者中 ,4 6例患者咬牙合关系不理想。新鲜及陈旧性的多发性骨折行颌间弹性牵引比例均高于单发性骨折 (χ2 =13.5 9,P <0 .0 1;χ2 =6 .2 4 ,P <0 .0 5 ) ,陈旧性、多发性骨折行颌间弹性牵引的比例高于新鲜性、多发性骨折 (χ2 =7.16 ,P <0 .0 1) ,陈旧性、单发性骨折行颌间弹性牵引的比例与新鲜性、单发性骨折无中显著性差异 (χ2 =1.2 1,P >0 .0 5 )。结论 颌间弹性牵引术在多发性、陈旧性下颌骨骨折或伴上颌骨骨折的治疗中有重要作用。可作为独立的方法应用。

Objective To evaluate the role of intermaxillary elastic traction in treating mandibular fracture.Methods 22 cases of mandibular fracture were treated simple intermaxillary elastic traction,and other 138 case underwent internal fixation(including 46 cases of poor maxillary occlusal relation going through intermaxillary elastic traction simultaneously).Results 19 cases got good maxillary occlusal relation in the former group and 46 cases failed to recover in the latter group.More intermaxillary elastic tractions were performed in cases of new and old multiple fractures than in cases of simple fractares (χ 2=13.59,P<0.01;χ 2=6.24,P< 0.05).The old multiple fractures received more elastic traction than new multiple ones (χ 2=7.16,P<0.01).The old simple fratures and new simple ones showed no significant differences in terms of the frequency of using traction(χ 2=1.21,P>0.05).Conclusion Intermaxillary elastic traction can play an independent role in treating multiple old mandibular fractures or maxillary fractures.