从冲模自动机构的試制看創造性思惟

CREATIVE THINKING AS OBSERVED IN CONSTRUCTING AUTOMATIC PUNCHING AND DIE MACHINERY

一、問題和研究的經过 在全国生产大跃进、大鬧技术革命的年代,劳动心理学的任务不仅是、或主要不是、研究怎样改变生产者的主观状态,如操作方法,来适应客观条件、如机器設备等了,而应当研究怎样促进生产者改变客观条件,如改革工具、創造工具、来适应飞速发展的生产需要了。劳动心理学工作者应当总結工人創造性思惟活动的規律,在生产条件下应用这些规律,为創造发明准备条件,縮短創造发明的过程,使工人羣众有效地、快速地完成一項項的技术改革——創造性活动。

For the purpose of solving the "bottleneck" problems of production, we helped a factory in organizing a shop nuclear sub-group. This sub-group provided the workers with some provocative materials, mainly in the oral and written form of provocativeness, as well as thru the use of prototypes such as diagrams and photographs, etc. These workers with the help of these materials, have invented ten sets of automatic and semi-automatic punching and die, thus laying down the foundation for the solution of the "bottleneck" problems.During the working processes, we joined the workers in discussing and in laboring, and observed and recorded the actual processes of the creative thinking activities of the workers. From these resuks we may single out these following points;1. Creation of new, machines-like automatic punching and die may be accomplished through a mass movement, a well-planned and’concentrated efforts of attack.2. Verbal presentation of problems and prototypes such as diagrams and photographs relative to the machinery can powerfully provoke and prorriote creative thinking of the workers.3. Creative thinking finds its origin in the necessity of social production. It is produced and developed in the course of practical activities and is the reflective process of objective laws.