5种波长光对日本沼虾人工育苗幼体成活率的影响

Effects of Lights of Five Wavelength on the Survival Rate of Post-larval Stage of Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan) in the Indoor Hatchery Conditions

光照与日本沼虾繁殖和孵化关系极为密切。研究了不同波长的光对日本沼虾孵化的影响 ,结果表明 :在环境光谱主峰值 4 70 .5nm、4 77.9nm、4 92 .6nm、5 0 4 .8nm和 6 15 .2nm条件下 ,适度成熟的亲虾都能顺利孵化 ,日本沼虾孵化与否 ,与孵化环境中的光波波长无关 ,而与抱卵日本沼虾胚胎发育有关。日本沼虾在孵化期对不同波长的光谱有明显的视觉敏感度分布 ,在前 4种光谱条件下 ,日本沼虾视觉器官敏感 ,而在光谱主峰值 6 15 .2nm时日本沼虾视觉器官不敏感。这一特点在日本沼虾育苗生产上具指导意义 ,可防止抱卵亲虾在孵化过程中吞食幼体 。

The lights are closely involved in the breeding and hatcheries of the river prawns Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan). The research results show that at the conditions of the peak value of spectrum at 470.5 nm,477.9 nm,492.6 nm,504.8 nm and 615.2 nm, the brooder prawns with the adequate maturation can all have successful hatching. The prawn breeding has nothing to do with the light wavelength from the environment, but the light wavelength has relations with the embryonic development of the gravid prawns. There is a very clear distribution of the visual sensitivity to the spectrum of the various wavelength lights for gravid prawns at the hatchery stages. At the peak value of 470.5 nm,477.9 nm,492.6 nm and 504.8 nm, the prawn is very sensitive in visualization. While the peak value of the spectrum reaches 615.2 nm, the prawn reduces its visual sensitivity. This unique characteristic presents a specially important significance in prawn hatching process, particularly in increasing the survival rate and avoid the predation against the juveniles by the gravid prawns.