追随运动与不同职业訓練的关系的实驗研究

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PURSUIT MOVEMENT AND PROFESSIONAL TRAINING

問題 心理学者由于注意到某些职业,其中尤以驾駛业对人的动作操纵提出特殊的要求,而引起了对动作操纵研究的兴趣。早在本世紀20年代就出現了追随运动測量器(Pursuitmeter)。主要是测量被試操纵一种机械或指示器經常保持接触着一个运动目标或使它沿着一条規則或不規則的軌道前进的能力。近几十年来。

A study of pursuit movements was performed on 424 subjects (aircraft pilots, air cadets, glider pilots, automobile drivers; basketball players and research workers). The apparatus consisted of a stick and a rudder assembled as in an aeroplane. The subjects were required to keep a marker along a moving zigzag course by operating the stick and the rudder. It was found that the accuracy of the controlled movements in tracking showed much differences among the subjects; the aircraft pilots obtained the highest accuracy scores, the glider pilots and the automobile drivers were the next best. The least accuracy scores were those of the basketball players and the research workers. The results also indicated that there were significant differences among the air cadets, which proved to be correlated with their flying achievements. It is suggested that the test might have some value in the selection of aircraft pilots.