在速示条件下儿童辨認汉字字形的試探性研究——Ⅲ.中枢因素对字形辨认的影响

THE RECOGNITION OF CHINESE CHARACTERS BY PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN UNDER TACHISTOSCOPIC CONDITIONS Ⅲ. THE CENTRAL EFFECTS ON RECOGNITION

問題 普通心理学中談到的知觉的几个主要特性,在不同程度上都参与着中枢的、主观因素的作用。在現存的知觉心理学諸学派中,有两个各走极端的学派,一个是格式塔学派,他們基本否定了經驗、学习在图形知觉中的作用。这可以哥德沙尔德(K.Gottschaldt)的早期工作为代表。另一极端是有意无意之間过分地強調主观因素的作用。

Using familiar and unfamiliar phrases as materials, this study investigated the central effects on recognition. Results indicated that no VDT difference was found between familiar phrases of 2—6 words, but the VDT difference is significant when the word order of these same phrases were changed. For the unfamiliar phrases no such difference was founded under the same condition. On the other hand, the VDT for the familiar phrases with word order changed is significantly higher than the unfamiliar phrases. It is suggested that central effects may affect recognition in two ways, facilitating and interfering. Problems of the storage systems of language in human brain were discussed.