浙江儿童身体发育的一些規律

PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF ZHEJIANG CHILDREN

問題 早在1925年,阿泼雷頓(V.B.Appleton)就研究过浙江儿童的发育問題,但他只收集了224个女学生的資料,每年龄組的人数只有4—39人,所以統計学上的意义不大。其后翟培庆(1938)搜集了6,311个杭州儿童的体貭資料,但未分出男女性別与每組的人数。解放以后,在1956年。

5913 Zhejiang children, aged from 5 to 18, have been measured in 1951. The measurements applied consist of stature, body weight, span, sitting height, trunk height and 3 chest circumferences taken in statical, inspiratory and expiratory states. The statistical constants have been tabulated and analyzed as following:1. There is a period of rapid growth during the age of 11—16 in the male and 10—15 in the female. The beginning and declining of this period of the female are earlier than that of the male (one year earlier in the beginning, and 1—3 years earlier in the declining).2. The growth of stature is faster than that of chest circumference before the puberty, and slower during puberty, in both sexes; the growth rate of weight is considerably greater than that of the stature and the chest circumference, throughout all ages in both sexes.3. The changes in the coefficient of variability are closely associated with that of the growth rate. This indicates that the individual variation is more marked during the period of rapid growth.4. The growth of stature is slower than that of the span. The measurement of the stature of the male is greater than the span before the age of 15, and smaller after the age of 16; the measurement of the stature of the female is greater than the span until the age of 18.5. The ratio of the trunk height to the stature seems constant throughout all ages between 5—18, which is about 0.34—0.35 in both sexes; while that of the head-and-neck decreases gradually with age, and that of the leg increases gradually with age. These later tendencies appeares to be more pronounced in the male than the female.6. The development of the difference between inspiratory and expiratory chest circumference shows a liner tendency in both sexes, before the age of 13. The sex difference appeared at the age of 14; after that, the male figure is markedly larger than that of the female.