化学诱导龙血树产生血竭的初步研究

Preliminary Study on Chemical Inducers for Dragon's Blood Formed by Dracaena cambodiana

血竭是一种名贵的传统中药,疗效显著,资源稀缺。人工种植龙血树并诱导龙血树产生血竭是解决血竭原料短缺的根本途径。以柬埔寨龙血树为材料,采用26种具有诱导其他植物增加抗性能力的化合物分别接入龙血树进行诱导生产血竭。结果表明:草酸、赤霉素、硫酸锌、芸苔素内酯、硝酸镁、5-硝基愈创木酚酸钠、2-硝基苯酚钠、盐酸、硫代硫酸钠、白氨酸、激动素、IAM、草酸钠、4-硝基苯酚钠、复硝酚钠和水杨酸等16种化合物能增产血竭;增产率达到100%以上的化合物有:1%的硫酸锌,1%的草酸,5 mg·L-1的赤霉素,0.1%硝酸镁,0.1%4-硝基苯酚钠;1%的草酸增产率214%,为最高,其次是5 mg·L-1的赤霉素,增产率为157%;生长素和赤霉素混合使用增产率为183%。

Dragon's blood is a precious traditional Chinese medicine. However,the blood resources have been exhausting because of the increase of the clinical use due to its obvious clinic effect. A sole way to solve the shortage of resources is that plant Dracaena tree produces Dragon's blood resin. 26 chemicals which could induce other plants to increase the plant resistance have been used for dragon's blood induction test. 16 chemicals could increase the yield of dragon's blood,such as oxalic acid,GA3,zinc sulfate, brassinolide,magnesium nitrate,2-methoxy-5-nitrophenol sodium salt,sodium 2-nitrophenoxide,hydrochloric acid,sodium thiosulfate,leucine,kinetin,IAM,sodium oxalate,sodium 4-nitrophenoxide,compound sodium nitrophenolate and salicylic acid. The chemicals which could increase the dragon's blood yield more than one time were:1% oxalic acid,1% zinc sulfate,5 mg·L-1GA3,0.1% magnesium nitrate and 0.1 sodium 4-nitrophenoxide. The yield of 1% oxalic acid was 2.14 times more than that of the control,the yield of 1% GA3 was 1.57 times more than that of the control. The compound of GA3 and indole acid could increase the yield by 1.83 times.